![]() The commonly used spatial domain technique is Least Significant Bit Insertion (LSB). Spatial domain technique embeds secret bits directly in the cover file. There are two most widely used image steganography techniques:(i) Spatial Domain & (ii) Tranform domain, shown in fig.1. Throughout the history, various steganography techniques were being used, for example wax covered tablets, hidden tattoos, invisible inks, microfilms, microdots, null ciphers, etc. There are various steganographic techniques used to hide the secret message. The existence of secret message in the stego file cannot be predicted. After embedding secret message in the cover file we obtains a stego- file. The secret message can be any plain text, cipher text, or image. The first one is the cover file and the second one is secret message. To embed the data in any medium requires two files. Steganography word is derived from Greek word steganos, which means covered writing and graphia means writing. ![]() Steganography is the art and science of hiding the existence of the communication, i.e., it hides the secret message inside the other medium like images, audio, video, text, etc. On performing the analysis we aimed at introducing a robust and high payload Steganographic algorithm. The analysis of cover and stego images is performed on the basis of two statistical analysis methods, peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio and histogram analysis. We present a study carried out to discuss the various steganography tools. In this paper we are considering the image steganography. Or you can abuse the fact that humans can't see the difference between a pixel 1111111110 so you can use the last bit to encode your data.1,2Department of Computer Science and Engineering, ITM University, Gurgaon, Haryana, IndiaĪbstract – Steganography is the art and science of hiding the secret data in the other file formats for ex. You can give meaning to things in some format that don't have meaning in their intended format. Which is rendered as This is a short textĬontains 4 bits of hidden data. ![]() For example: 2 spaces -> 1 bit, 3 spaces -> 0 bit so this text in html: This is a short text. But these spacings you can use to encode bits. You can hide text in html by abusing the fact that multiple spaces are rendered as a single space so when you open the file in a browser you see nothing. That's why you can hide almost anything in anything. WE give them meaning by associating a type & encoding with it. It could be a character, it could be 8 single bits, it could be 2 4-bit unsigned numbers, it could be a pixel in an image, it could be 8 pixels in a black white image it could be a 1 byte instruction. If you see 8bits 10101010 you have absolutely zero clue as to what these bits represent. People think data is somehow "typed" or has an innate format of some sort. you gonna have to read the documentation of the individual tool and hope they document how they do it or you gonna have to read their source code. If you want to know how each individual tool works. you can hide pretty much "anything" in "anything" - but it depends on how much secret data you can hide in non-secret data so depending on the methods you use you're limited in how much data you can hide. You can use txt files, you can use html files, you can use word documents, you can use audio files. ![]() There are methods that require a key and methods that don't require a key (or passphrase). There are various techniques you can use to embed data into an image starting from just embeding black-white images in the least significant bit of each color channel to more sophisticated methods to methods that only work for specific image formats etc. ![]()
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